Efficacy of different laparoscopic surgeries for gastrointestinal stromal tumors of gastric cardia and fundus: a multicenter study / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of different laparoscopic surgeries for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of gastric cardia and fundus.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 251 patients with GIST of gastric cardia and fundus who underwent laparoscopic radical resection in 14 medical centers, including Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital et al, from December 2007 to December 2021 were collected. There were 123 males and 128 females, aged 58(24,87)years. Observation indicators: (1) treatment; (2) clinicopathological data of patients undergoing different laparoscopic surgeries; (3) subgroup analysis for special laparoscopic techniques. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test or ANOVA. Measure-ment data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Results:(1) Treatment. Of the 251 patients,202 cases underwent gastric wedge resection, 26 cases underwent special laparoscopic techniques including 10 cases with serotomy and dissection and 16 cases with transluminal gastrectomy, 23 cases underwent structural gastrectomy including 6 cases with total gastrectomy and 17 cases with proximal partial gastrectomy. There were 24 patients had postoperative complications after surgery. (2) Clinicopathological data of patients undergoing different laparoscopic surgeries. The gender (male, female), age, tumor diameter, operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, length of incision, time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications, cases with mitotic count as ≤5/50 high power field, 6?10/50 high power field, >10/50 high power field, cases be classified as very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk according to the National Institutes of Health risk classification, cases with tumor located at fundus and gastric cardia were 93, 109, (59±11)years, 3.50(0.40,10.00)cm, 88.00(25.00,290.00)minutes,20.00(25.00,290.00)mL, 4.00(2.00,12.00)cm, 3.00(1.00,9.00)days, 4.00(1.00,16.00)days, 5.00(1.00,18.00)days, 14, 164, 31, 7, 47, 83, 50, 22, 30, 172 in patients undergoing gastric wedge resection, respectively. The above indicators were 19, 7, (49±14)years, 2.55(0.20,5.00)cm, 101.00(59.00,330.00)minutes, 27.50(2.00,300.00)mL, 4.50(0,6.00)cm, 2.50(1.00,10.00)days, 4.00(1.00,16.00)days, 6.00(1.00,18.00)days, 3, 20, 5, 1, 15, 5, 2, 4, 24, 2 in patients undergoing special laparos-copic techniques, and 11, 12, (52±10)years, 5.00(0.80,10.00)cm, 187.00(80.00,325.00)minutes, 50.00(10.00,300.00)mL, 6.00(4.00,12.00)cm, 4.00(2.00,8.00)days, 6.00(3.00,14.00)days, 8.00(2.00,18.00)days, 7, 11, 5, 7, 2, 6, 6, 9, 13, 10 in patients undergoing structural gastrectomy. There were significant differences in the above indicators among the three groups of patients ( χ2=6.75, F=10.19, H=17.71, 37.50, 35.54, 24.68, 16.09,20.20, 13.76, χ2=13.32, Z=28.98, 32.17, χ2=82.14, P<0.05). (3) Subgroup analysis for special laparoscopic techniques. The time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake, classification of tumor location (endophytic type, exophytic type, parietal type) were 4.50(1.00,10.00)days, 8.00(3.00,12.00)days, 0, 8, 2 in patients undergoing serotomy and dissection, versus 2.00(1.00,4.00)days, 3.00(1.00,6.00)days, 16, 0, 0 in patients undergoing transluminal gastrectomy. There were significant differences in time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake between them ( Z=-2.65, -3.16, P<0.05); and there was a significant difference in classification of tumor location between them ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Gastric wedge resection is the most commonly used laparoscopic technique for GIST of gastric cardia and fundus. The application of special laparoscopic techniques is focused on the GIST of cardia to preserve the function of the cardia.

Exploration and perspective of paradigm and technical system of precise and intelligent minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

As precision and intelligent medicine takeing hold, the concept of minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer has evolved from simply pursuing the effect of surgical results to being more patient-centered, safer, less trauma, more efficient, and more in line with the spirit of the evidence-based decision-making comprehensive treatment model. The authors review the develop-ment and technical innovation of precise and intelligent surgery in recent years, and proposes the expanding direction of new paradigm of precise and intelligent minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer based on the work and achievements of team work. It is believed that in the future, advances in artificial intelligence, fluorescence imaging, surgical navigation, optical biopsy and other technolo-gies will bring new vitality to minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer.

Application value of mixed reality technology in surgical conversation of laparoscopy radical resection of gastric cancer: a prospective study / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the application value of mixed reality technology in surgical conversation of laparoscopy radical resection of gastric cancer.Methods:The prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. There were 80 family members of patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from June 2021 to December 2022 being selected as subjects. All patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection of gastric cancer. Based on random number table, all subjects were allocated into the control group and the experiment group. Subjects in the control group performed routine surgical conversation and subjects in the experiment group performed surgical conversation based on mixed reality technology. Observation indicators: (1) baseline data of the subjects; (2) anxiety assessment of the subjects. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and the independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison. Repeated measurement data were analyzed using the repeated ANOVA. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results:(1) Baseline data of the subjects. A total of 80 subjects were selected for eligibility, including 40 subjects in the control group and 40 subjects in the experi-ment group. There were 44 males and 36 females, aged (40±9)years. The gender (male, female), age, education background (primary school education, middle school education, high school education, junior college education, undergraduate education, postgraduate education) were 23, 17, (39±9)years, 1, 3, 9, 16, 9, 2 in subjects of the control group, versus 25, 15, (42±10)years, 0, 8, 6, 11, 14, 1 in subjects of the experiment group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( χ2=0.20, t=?1.64, Z=?0.10, P>0.05). (2) Anxiety assessment of the subjects. The scores of self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Hospital Anxiety Scale (HADS) before surgical conversation, after surgical conversation, after surgery were 41±10 and 26±5, 49±11 and 32±3, 40±13 and 15±8 in subjects of the control group, versus 44±9 and 23±3, 66±16 and 28±6, 34±14 and 8±3 in subjects of the experiment group, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( FSAS组间=8.83, FSAS时间=40.41, FSAS交互=12.21, FHADS组间=32.42, FHADS时间=321.28, FHADS交互=6.15, P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with traditional surgical conversation, mixed reality technology based surgical conversation can relieve the postoperative conxiety of subjects.

Research progress in the treatment of sleep disorder in chronic fatigue syndrome with external therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) external therapy for sleep disorder of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has good anti-fatigue effect and can improve sleep quality of patients. The treatment for sleep disorders of CFS with TCM external treatment mainly adopts acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, TCM bath, transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation and auricular point sticking, etc., or alone, or comprehensive application, or combined with oral Chinese materia medica. The appropriate treatment method can be selected according to the patients' condition and compliance, which reflects the unique advantages of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment and the treatment according to people and time. The existing research still needs to further form a standardized and recognized diagnosis and treatment system, so as to better guide clinical popularization and application.

Simultaneous determination of 15 bile acids in Tongren niuhuang qingxin pills by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 15 bile acids in Tongren niuhuang qingxin pills， and to determine the contents of 15 batches of samples. METHODS Using dehydrocholic acid as internal standard， the determination was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） method. The determination was performed on Hypersil GOLD C18 column with methanol-0.1% formic acid solution as the mobile phase by gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃ ， and the sample size was 2 µL. Using heated electrospray ion source， parallel reaction monitoring mode scanning was performed in negative ion mode. SPSS 24.0 software was used for chemical pattern recognition analysis of content determination results. RESULTS The 15 bile acid components had a good linear relationship with peak area （all R2≥0.998 9）； their precision， repeatability and stability were all good （all RSD≤5.49%）； the average recoveries were 93.8%-105.7% （RSD was 0.5%-5.8%）. The average contents of taurocholic acid， 7-oxodeoxycholic acid， 12-dehydrocholic acid， glycocholic acid， 3-oxo-7α， 12α-hydroxy-5β-cholanoic acid， taurochenodeoxycholic acid， 3α-hydroxy- 7-oxo-5β -cholanic acid， hyocholic acid， taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt hydrate， hyodeoxycholic acid， cholic acid， glycochenodeoxycholic acid， glycodeoxycholic acid， chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid were 670.56， 25.97， 10.54， 280.12， 4.04， 29.81， 182.98， 813.55， 120.95， 220.31， 797.37， 18.37， 68.59， 30.13， 59.82 μg/g， respectively. Both cluster analysis and principal component analysis divided 15 batches of Tongren niuhuang qingxin pills into 2 categories， S1-S12 as one category and S13-S15 as the other category. CONCLUSIONS The established method is accurate， sensitive and specific， and can determine many types of bile acids. It also can quickly achieve the quantitative analysis of 15 bile acids in Tongren niuhuang qingxin pills， which is suitable for the quality control of this drug.

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seasonal A(H3N2) influenza in China, 2014-2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seasonal A(H3N2) influenza [influenza A(H3N2)] in China and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control. Methods: The influenza A(H3N2) surveillance data in 2014-2019 was derived from China Influenza Surveillance Information System. A line chart described the epidemic trend analyzed and plotted. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using ArcGIS 10.7, and spatiotemporal scanning analysis was conducted using SaTScan 10.1. Results: A total of 2 603 209 influenza-like case sample specimens were detected from March 31, 2014, to March 31, 2019, and the influenza A(H3N2) positive rate was 5.96%(155 259/2 603 209). The positive rate of influenza A(H3N2) was statistically significant in the north and southern provinces in each surveillance year (all P<0.05). The high incidence seasons of influenza A (H3N2) were in winter in northern provinces and summer or winter in southern provinces. Influenza A (H3N2) clustered in 31 provinces in 2014-2015 and 2016-2017. High-high clusters were distributed in eight provinces, including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2014-2015, and high-high clusters were distributed in five provinces including Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, and Shanghai in 2016-2017. Spatiotemporal scanning analysis from 2014 to 2019 showed that Shandong and its surrounding twelve provinces clustered from November 2016 to February 2017 (RR=3.59, LLR=9 875.74, P<0.001). Conclusion: Influenza A (H3N2) has high incidence seasons with northern provinces in winter and southern provinces in summer or winter and obvious spatial and temporal clustering characteristics in China from 2014-2019.

Association between time spent on digital devices and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents aged 7-18, in order to provide a scientific basis for body weight overestimation prevention in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Based on the data of the Research Special Project for Public Welfare Industry of Health using stratified cluster sampling method in 2012, a tatal of 40 073 children and adolescents from 7 provinces with complete information were chosen. Ordinal multivariable Logistic regression model estimated the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation.@*Results@#A total of 4 276(11.8%) students with overestimation of body weight were detected, who spent >300 min/d time in digital devices(5.12%) than others (3.84%)( χ 2=19.14, P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that students with time spent on digital devices >300 min/d had a higher risk in overestimation of body weight ( OR=1.36,95%CI=1.18-1.57,P <0.01) compared with students who spent on digital devices≤120 min/d. There was still a significant association after confounder adjustment ( OR=1.28, 95%CI= 1.10-1.48,P <0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the association between digital devices usage and overestimation of body weight were only observed in girls, 11-18 years old and non single child( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The time usage of digital devices is associated with overestimation of body weight in children and adolescents. It may helpful for children and adolescents to prevent overestimation of body weight by reducing time spent on digital devices.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and its influencing factors among workers involving climbing task in power supply enterprises / 环境与职业医学

Background Operation and maintenance work in the power grid industry often involving climbing, manual handling, and poor postures causing serious problems like work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The influencing factors of WMSDs are not very clear, but the problem has been widely concerned in this industry. Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among climbing task-involved workers in power supply enterprises. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 702 workers involving climbing task from 10 power supply enterprises in Jilin Province, Tianjin Municipality, and Shandong province were selected as study subjects using cluster sampling. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire which was revised by Lei Yang was used to estimate the prevalence and identify related factors of WMSDs. \begin{document}$ {\chi

Effect and Mechanism of Cinobufotalin Against Gastrointestinal Malignant Tumors： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Digestive tract diseases， especially digestive tract tumors， including liver cancer， pancreatic cancer， and colorectal cancer， have high incidence in China. Digestive tract tumor is one of the top 10 cancers in terms of the number of new cases and deaths in the world， and the incidence and mortality of tumor diseases have been increasing year by year. Therefore， the prevention and treatment of tumors is particularly important. With the application and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine in the medical field and the rapid development of molecular biology and pharmacology， more and more potential active components of Chinese medicinal materials have been extracted and studied. These active components can inhibit tumor cells in a multi-target and multi-pathway manner. Cinobufotalin is an effective component extracted from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans. It has been prepared into a variety of agents with anti-tumor， immunomodulatory， cardiac boosting， pain-easing， anti-inflammatory， and swelling-relieving activities. In clinical practice， cinobufotalin is mainly used to assist the treatment of liver cancer， lung cancer， colorectal cancer， gastric cancer and other malignant tumors， which can reduce the adverse reactions of patients in the middle and late stages and improve the quality of life and five-year survival rate of patients. The available studies of molecular mechanism have demonstrated that cinobufotalin can play a therapeutic role by inducing cell apoptosis， regulating cell cycle， inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis， modulating immune response， reversing multidrug resistance， enhancing radiochemotherapy sensitivity， inhibiting tumor inflammation， invasion， and metastasis， etc. This review focuses on the clinical application and mechanism of cinobufotalin against digestive tract tumors in recent years， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the anti-tumor research of cinobufotalin， promote the application of cinobufotalin in tumor treatment， and facilitate the further research and development of this compound.

Main Infection Control Measures for Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Medical Institutions and Public Places in China / 中国医学科学院学报

Respiratory infectious diseases (RID) are the major public health problems threatening the people's lives and health.Infection control (IC) is one of the effective tools to contain the occurrence and spread of RID.We collected the articles and data on IC published since January 1,2018 and summarized the achievements,problems,and challenges of IC from administrative control,management control,environment and engineering control,and personal protection in the medical institutions and public places in China.The efforts for IC vary in different regions and medical institutions of different levels.There are still links to be improved for IC from administrative control,management control,environment and engineering control,and personal protection,especially in community-level medical institutions and public areas.It is urgent to strengthen the implementation of IC policies and conduct IC precisely according to local situations.We proposed the following suggestions.First,the existing IC products and tools should be applied to precisely implement the IC measures;second,modern high technology should be employed to develop efficient and convenient IC products and tools;finally,a digital or intelligent IC platform should be built for monitoring infections,so as to contain the occurrence and spread of RID.

An antibacterial peptides recognition method based on BERT and Text-CNN / 生物工程学报

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecule peptides that are widely found in living organisms with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and immunomodulatory effect. Due to slower emergence of resistance, excellent clinical potential and wide range of application, AMP is a strong alternative to conventional antibiotics. AMP recognition is a significant direction in the field of AMP research. The high cost, low efficiency and long period shortcomings of the wet experiment methods prevent it from meeting the need for the large-scale AMP recognition. Therefore, computer-aided identification methods are important supplements to AMP recognition approaches, and one of the key issues is how to improve the accuracy. Protein sequences could be approximated as a language composed of amino acids. Consequently, rich features may be extracted using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. In this paper, we combine the pre-trained model BERT and the fine-tuned structure Text-CNN in the field of NLP to model protein languages, develop an open-source available antimicrobial peptide recognition tool and conduct a comparison with other five published tools. The experimental results show that the optimization of the two-phase training approach brings an overall improvement in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Matthew correlation coefficient, offering a novel approach for further research on AMP recognition.

Integrated management during the perinatal period for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of integrated management during the perinatal period for fetuses diagnosed with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) by prenatal echocardiography.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 64 cases of TAPVC fetuses diagnosed by prenatal echocardiography and managed with integrated perinatal care in Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Integrated perinatal care included multidisciplinary collaboration among obstetrics, fetal medicine, ultrasound, pediatric cardiology, pediatric anesthesia, and neonatology.@*RESULTS@#Among the 64 TAPVC fetuses, there were 29 cases of supracardiac type, 27 cases of intracardiac type, 2 cases of infracardiac type, and 6 cases of mixed type. Chromosomal analysis was performed in 42 cases, and no obvious abnormalities were found. Among the 64 TAPVC fetuses, 37 were induced labor, and 27 were followed up until term birth. Among the 27 TAPVC cases, 2 cases accepted palliative care, 2 cases were referred to another hospital for treatment and lost to follow-up, while the remaining 23 cases underwent primary repair surgery. One case died within 6 months after the operation due to low cardiac output syndrome, while the other 22 cases were followed up for (2.1±0.3) years with good outcomes (2 cases underwent a second surgery within 1 year after the first operation due to anastomotic stenosis or pulmonary vein stenosis).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TAPVC fetuses can achieve good outcomes with integrated management during the perinatal period.

Proposal and thoughts on establishing and improving multi-level dental insurance in China / 中华口腔医学杂志

Oral diseases are highly prevalent in China, while oral health services are generally underutilized and public health resources are wasted. Lacking oral insurance may be one of the leading causes. The basic medical insurance of China does not cover dental care in most cities, which is worthy to further discuss. To better understand the experience of dental insurance from international dental care practice, the dental coverage scope, content, co-pay ratio, and effects of oral insurance on oral health improvement from the abroad countries with typical health insurance systems were summarized by using scoping review. Then, we discussed the coverage scope for dental health of basic medical insurance and private insurance in China. We also analyzed the current issues of dental care coverage and cost-share. At last, we proposed thoughts and suggestions to establish and improve a multi-level oral health insurance system with Chinese characteristics under the basic medical insurance frame. In particular, we gave suggestions on increasing the coverage for high dental care xpenditure by ebasic medical insurance, supplying children and teenagers with preventive dental care, and encouraging private insurance companies to cover dental care expenditure.

Current research in liver transplantation during the Covid-19 pandemic / 中华外科杂志

The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has drastically changed our daily life and clinical practice.Due to the reduction of liver transplantation and the liver injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic,the prognosis of waitinglisted liver transplant candidates is worse.Due to the long-term immunosuppressive therapy of liver recipients,their risk of infection is higher than the general population.Although some studies suggested that immunosuppressive therapy seems to have a protective effect in infected patients,it also leads to chronic infection.Due to the concerns about the risk of virus transmission,expert consensus does not recommend the utilization of donor livers with the history of Covid-19.Currently,published articles do not support the argument that virus can be transmitted to recipients through donor livers.Therefore,the feasibility of liver transplantation utilizing donor livers with SARS-CoV-2 infection remains controversial.In this article,current advances in liver transplantation during the Covid-19 pandemic are reviewed to provide a new perspective for liver transplantation in the future.

Application and prospect of artificial intelligence in pancreatic cancer / 中华外科杂志

As a severe malignant tumor of the digestive system,the highly invasive pancreatic cancer lacks typical preliminary symptoms. Rapid metastatic dissemination and difficulty in early-stage diagnosis preclude the chance of radical curative resection,hence resulting in a poor overall prognosis in most patients. In recent years,the wide application of the artificial intelligence(AI),represented by machine learning and deep learning,has developed rapidly in the field of medicine. All sorts of models based on AI have been applied to the screening, early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis prediction of patients with pancreatic cancer.Three-dimentional visualization and augmented reality navigation technologies have also been developed and applied in pancreatic cancer surgery.This paper reviews the status quo of AI application in pancreatic cancer from various aspects,and anticipates its future application prospects.

Clinicopathological analysis of superior mediastinal lymph node metastases in medullary thyroid carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of superior mediastinal lymph node metastases (sMLNM) in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Methods: This retrospective analysis enrolled the patients who were treated for sMLNM of MTC in our hospital from May 2012 to January 2021. All patients were suspected of sMLNM due to preoperative imaging. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into two groups named sMLNM group and the negative superior-mediastinal-lymph-node group. We collected and analyzed the clinical features, pathological features, pre- and post-operative calcitonin (Ctn), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels of the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors, and receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to determine the optimal cut-off values of preoperative Ctn and preoperative CEA for predicting sMLNM. Results: Among the 94 patients, 69 cases were in the sMLNM group and 25 cases were in the non-SMLNM group. Preoperative Ctn level (P=0.003), preoperative CEA level (P=0.010), distant metastasis (P=0.022), extracapsular lymph node invasion (P=0.013), the number of central lymph node metastases (P=0.002) were related to sMLNM, but the multivariate analysis did not find any independent risk factors. The optimal threshold for predicting sMLNM by pre-operative Ctn is 1500 pg/ml and AUC is 0.759 (95% CI: 0.646, 0.872). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of diagnosis are 61.2%, 77.3%, 89.1%, 39.5%, respectively. In patients who underwent mediastinal lymph node dissection through transsternal approach, the metastatic possibility of different levels from high to low were level 2R (82.3%, 28/34), level 2L (58.8%, 20/34), level 4R (58.8%, 20/34), level 3 (23.5%, 8/34), level 4L (11.8%, 4/34). Postoperative complications occurred in 41 cases (43.6%), and there was no perioperative death in all cases. 14.8% (12/81) of the patients achieved biochemical complete response (Ctn≤12 pg/ml) one month after surgery, 5 of these patients were in sMLNM group. Conclusions: For patients who have highly suspicious sMLNM through imaging, combining with preoperative Ctn diagnosis can improve the accuracy of diagnosis, especially for patients with preoperative Ctn over 1 500 pg/ml. The superior mediastinal lymph node dissection for the primary sternotomy should include at least the superior mediastinal levels 2-4 to avoid residual lesions. The strategy of surgery needs to be cautiously performed. Although the probability of biochemical cure in sMLNM cases is low, nearly 40% of patients can still benefit from the operation at the biochemical level.

Benefits of running on cardiac protection and the culture of exercise health awareness / Benefícios da corrida para a proteção cardíaca e a cultura da consciência sanitária do exercício / Beneficios de la carrera para la protección cardíaca y el cultivo de la conciencia de la salud del ejercicio

ABSTRACT Introduction: Several programs to encourage physical activity has been encouraged to reduce the sedentary lifestyle in China. Running is among them because it has potentially positive effects on cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia, in addition to the intrinsic psychological and social benefits of outdoor sports. Objective: Explore the protective effect of running on the cardiac system by analyzing strategies for cultivating exercise health awareness. Methods: A group of ten healthy volunteers, five women aged 25-35 years, underwent a 45-minute running program, performed four times a week for three weeks. Data collected by spirometry and cardiac monitoring were collected, treated, compared, and discussed. This paper introduced the concept of subjective exercise intensity to find the best analysis and judgment of Cardiac Function. Finally, a quantitative investigation involving the analysis of 315 questionnaires explored the current status of sports health awareness in running fans. Results: Heart rate amplitude during running remained in the range of 120-160, belonging to the normal heart rate range for the surveyed audience. In most cases, women's heart rate was higher than men's (P<0.05). The exercise intensity was fixed at a frequency below the value of 16, which is a slightly strenuous stage, and the relative exercise intensity was controlled between 50% and 71.5%. Conclusion: Running has a good cardiac protective effect, and its followers are highly aware of sports health. Due to the beneficial effect of sports practice, its dissemination is recommended as a form of physical and social therapeutic activity. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Com o intuito de reduzir o índice de sedentarismo na China, diversos programas de incentivo à atividade física foram estimulados. A corrida está dentre eles pois tem potenciais efeitos positivos nas doenças cardiovasculares, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e hipercolesterolemia, além dos benefícios psicológicos e sociais intrínsecos na prática esportiva ao ar livre. Objetivo: Explorar o efeito protetor da corrida no sistema cardíaco analisando as estratégias para a cultura da consciência sanitária do exercício. Métodos: Um grupo de dez voluntários saudáveis, com cinco mulheres e idade entre 25 a 35 anos foram submetidos a um programa de corrida por 45 minutos, realizado quatro vezes por semana, durante três semanas. Dados coletados por espirometria e monitoramento cardíaco foram coletados, tratados, comparados e discutidos. Este artigo introduziu o conceito de intensidade de exercício subjetivo para encontrar a melhor análise e julgamento da Função Cardíaca. Por fim, uma investigação quantitativa envolvendo a análise de 315 questionários explorou a situação atual da conscientização em saúde esportiva em adeptos da corrida. Resultados: A amplitude de frequência cardíaca durante a corrida manteve-se na faixa de 120-160, pertencente à faixa normal de frequência cardíaca ao público pesquisado. A frequência cardíaca das mulheres foi maior do que a dos homens na maioria dos casos (P<0,05). A intensidade do exercício fixou-se numa frequência inferior ao valor de 16, que é um estágio ligeiramente extenuante, e a intensidade relativa do exercício ficou controlada entre 50% e 71,5%. Conclusão: A corrida apresenta um bom efeito protetor cardíaco, seus adeptos possuem elevada conscientização da saúde esportiva. Devido ao efeito salutar da prática esportiva, recomenda-se a sua divulgação como forma de atividade terapêutica física e social. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Con el fin de reducir el estilo de vida sedentario en China, se han estimulado varios programas para fomentar la actividad física. La carrera se encuentra entre ellos porque tiene potenciales efectos positivos sobre las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la hipertensión, la diabetes mellitus y la hipercolesterolemia, además de los beneficios psicológicos y sociales intrínsecos del deporte al aire libre. Objetivo: Explorar el efecto protector de correr sobre el sistema cardíaco analizando las estrategias para cultivar la conciencia de la salud del ejercicio. Métodos: Un grupo de diez voluntarios sanos, cinco mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y los 35 años, fueron sometidos a un programa de carrera durante 45 minutos, realizado cuatro veces por semana durante tres semanas. Los datos recogidos por la espirometría y la monitorización cardíaca fueron recogidos, tratados, comparados y discutidos. Este trabajo introdujo el concepto de intensidad subjetiva del ejercicio para encontrar el mejor análisis y juicio de la Función Cardíaca. Por último, una investigación cuantitativa que incluyó el análisis de 315 cuestionarios exploró el estado actual de la conciencia de la salud deportiva en los aficionados a las carreras. Resultados: La amplitud de la frecuencia cardíaca durante la carrera se mantuvo en el rango de 120-160, perteneciendo al rango de frecuencia cardíaca normal para el público encuestado. La frecuencia cardíaca de las mujeres fue mayor que la de los hombres en la mayoría de los casos (P<0,05). La intensidad del ejercicio se fijó en una frecuencia inferior al valor de 16, que es una etapa ligeramente agotadora, y la intensidad relativa del ejercicio se controló entre el 50% y el 71,5%. Conclusión: La acción de correr presenta un buen efecto cardioprotector, sus adeptos poseen alta conciencia de la salud deportiva. Debido al efecto saludable de la práctica deportiva, se recomienda su difusión como forma de actividad terapéutica física y social. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Comparison of mouse models of depression induced by different modeling methods / 生理学报

The present article was aimed to compare the effectiveness of different induction methods for depression models. Kunming mice were randomly divided into chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) group, corticosterone (CORT) group, and CUMS+CORT (CC) group. The CUMS group received CUMS stimulation for 4 weeks, and the CORT group received subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg CORT into the groin every day for 3 weeks. The CC group received both CUMS stimulation and CORT administration. Each group was assigned a control group. After modeling, forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were used to detect the behavioral changes of mice, and the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and CORT were detected with ELISA kits. Attenuated total refraction (ATR) spectra of mouse serum were collected and analyzed. HE staining was used to detect morphological changes in mouse brain tissue. The results showed that the weight of model mice from the CUMS and CC groups decreased significantly. There was no significant change in immobility time of model mice from the three groups in FST and TST, while the glucose preference of model mice from the CUMS and CC groups was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The serum 5-HT levels of model mice from the CORT and CC groups were significantly reduced, while the serum BDNF and CORT levels of model mice from the CUMS, CORT, and CC groups showed no significant changes. Compared with their respective control groups, the three groups showed no significant difference in the one-dimensional spectrum of serum ATR. The difference spectrum analysis results of the first derivative of the spectrogram showed that the CORT group had the greatest difference from its respective control group, followed by the CUMS group. The structures of hippocampus in the model mice from the three groups were all destroyed. These results suggest that both CORT and CC treatments can successfully construct a depression model, and the CORT model is more effective than the CC model. Therefore, CORT induction can be used to establish a depression model in Kunming mice.

Clinical treatment and observation of the endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics and antibiotic sensitivity of traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus and discuss the early diagnosis and treatment measures.METHODS: The data of 15 patients(15 eyes)with Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis admitted to the Eye Trauma Center of Shaanxi Provincial Eye Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were collected. The injury time, injury condition, preoperative visual acuity, corrected visual acuity in the last follow-up, operation method, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test results were recorded.RESULTS: Among the 15 patients(15 eyes), 5 eyes with simple corneal perforating wound were treated with wound debridement and suture combined with intraocular antibiotic injection. And another 10 eyes with penetrating injuries combined with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign bodies were treated with debridement, cataract extraction, removal of intraocular foreign bodies, vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and intraocular antibiotic injection. Among the 15 patients, 11 patients(73%)were treated effectively and the eyeball was preserved, and 4 patients(27%)were treated ineffectively and ocular evisceration was performed. Among the 11 patients with eyeball retention, 1(9%)had decreased vision, 1(9%)had unchanged vision, 4(36%)had improved vision by 1 level, and 5(45%)had improved vision by 2 levels, and the postoperative visual acuity was significantly improved. Correlation analysis showed that the course of disease was negatively correlated with corrected visual acuity(rs=-0.762, P=0.001). The cultures of vitreous humor and aqueous humor samples of patients were all grown in Bacillus cereus, and susceptibility tests were sensitive to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin is an effective drug for the treatment of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis. Vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and intravitreal injection of vancomycin are effective method for the treatment of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.

Mechanism of Fructus Lycii against dry eye: an analysis based on network pharmacology and experimental verification / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the mechanism of fructus lycii in treating dry eye based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.METHODS: Taking “fructus lycii” as key words, the active ingredients and target of fructus lycii were searched by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). Gene targets related to dry eye(DE)were searched by GeneCards and OMIM databases. The target genes of fructus lycii and DE were imported into Venn software to obtain the intersection target map of them. After that, the data were imported into the String database to obtain the PPI protein-protein interaction network diagram. Using Cytoscape3.7.2 software, the PPI protein-protein interaction network diagram was constructed for active ingredients, target sites and related diseases of fructus lycii. The Bioconductor platform and R language were used for gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis. And the key targets in the pathogenesis of DE were verified by experiments.RESULTS: Through TCMSP, 45 types of effective chemical components of fructus lycii, 174 target genes corresponding to active components and 131 common target genes with DE were screenedout. In accordance with the network topology of “drug-composition-disease-target”, 27 main effective components of fructus lycii were found in the treatment of DE. The PPI network was analyzed according to the high degree value, which is the key targets of fructus lycii for DE treatment, mainly including AKT1, VEGFA, CASP3, IL1B, JUN, PTGS2, CXCL8, etc. According to GO enrichment analysis, 166 biological functions and processes of fructus lycii for DE treatment were obtained. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 31 signaling pathways were involved. Additionally, experimental verification displayed that the protein expressions of AKT1, interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and IL-17 in conjunctiva tissue of the DE model group were significantly increased.CONCLUSIONS: Through network pharmacology, this study confirmed that the treatment of DE by fructus lycii is a complex process involving multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways, and that the treatment of DE by fructus lycii is mainly regulated by anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-related molecules.